NARA BLOG

Rugby Skill and Conditioning

April 18, 2023

Wez Parkes

Most especially at the youth level,

I am of the opinion, that while coaches have a responsibility towards their athletes that ensures a safe and enjoyable sporting experience, a vital part of the pedagogy principle is to impart something of value for them. Something they will remember that passes the test of time.

And so while using sport as a metaphor for living life, being humble in victory and gracious in defeat, keeping up your grades, being respectful of your peers, teachers, officials and team mates. Learning about patience, tolerance, discipline, responsibility, etc, coaches not only have to know a certain level of X's and O's for their chosen sport, but at a minimum they should also know how to develop a physically fit body that compliments a rapidly developing and emotionally young mind.

In my career as a both a sport coach and personal trainer I see the link between physical and mental fitness everyday. In every interaction. I have literal conversations with almost all I interact with about how being physically fit helps with creativity and production. How sustainably stable and alert you can be when you have the endurance to go the distance in a high performance environment. Be that at work, at home, and or in sport.

For the general population I have a suite of exercises that I have come to package as the greatest hits for baseline health and wellness. They are included here.

However, for this particular presentation I advocate for fitness (conditioning) and skill development in the specific sport of rugby. 

Rugby is a combat sport.

At the youth level coaching needs to focus on obviously, (as stated), the enjoyment factor, but vitally, at an execution level, safe execution of all technical aspects MUST be the priority. 

At the youth level a games based approach to training has proven successful. The skill, fitness and strength spectrum is long at this level and it's vital for a Coach to quickly identify at which point along this spectrum each individual athlete lies within each specific entity.

For example, a big strong athlete may not yet have developed a high skill level. Likewise someone with a high technical understanding of certain aspects for the game may need to concentrate on getting stronger so as to mitigate potential injury when executing those techniques. Every athlete is different and so the Coach needs to develop communication, relational and relatability skills for each athlete, equally as well as designing specific strength and conditioning programs for each athlete. 

Not only that but this needs to be a strong ethic across the coaching staff and team leadership group too so that everyone is on the same page and working hard on what the agreed upon terms are for this groups chosen cultural identity. The written goals, standards and expectations that the whole group has designed and bought into. 

For youth, if success can be measured against this doctrine then it will be a winning season.

Therefore for the sport of rugby I advocate for, at a minimum, being able to safely and accurately perform the general population conditioning workout as demonstrated in the link above and then for the coaches to (in terms of progression) be able to lead the players through the set of rugby specific skills and conditioning exercises as outlined in this video.

Pedagogy

February 10, 2023

Wez Parkes

Coaching middle, high school and college age athletes is a massive responsibility!

It's also joyful and rewarding.

In my profession as an exercise educator and fitness consultant, I'm often asked what are the best exercises specifically, or programs generally, I would prescribe to either a team or individual athlete.

My answer is always that "it depends".

I started ivari fitness in 2011. To date I have delivered north of 13 000 one on one personal training sessions and over a 25 year coaching career, over 1000 team sessions. A considerable proportion of them I'm happy to say have been dealing with youth athletes and programs.

As a coach (teacher), the way I see it is that you're primarily dealing with precious cargo.

By that I mean that this age group is malleable, impressionable, sometimes vulnerable, unsure and even insecure but always a beautiful blank slate, mostly excited (sometimes anxious) about learning, hanging out with their friends, competitive (sometimes), fun loving among other things, and are therefore imminently coachable.

While it's not always your role to be a babysitter, caregiver, nor to always entertain or ensure that the experience be fun ALL the time, as a teacher it IS your responsibility to teach them RIGHT and to take that job seriously.

And so I always immediately elaborate on "it depends" by asking some follow-up questions.

What sport?

What are you specifically looking for for?

Any injuries?

Goals and aspirations?

What’s their anchor? (passion) or what brings them joy?

How are their grades?

What do you want/ need out of the experience?

It's important to consider who you're having the conversation with. Is it the athlete, a coach, parent or a blend of some or all?

They're great conversations to have and for me have lead to some really great relationships and amazing results.

However, in my experience where those conversations lead to, and often end up as the rubber starts to hit the road is surprising. And maybe, not what you think?

It is my great privilege to share some of my experience in this role and attempt to explain why.

Firstly...

Let me emphasize the importance of screening.

As a trainer you take the Hippocratic oath which is "do no harm".

If it's outside your scope, which often within this particular context, IT IS, then you must refer out to a PT or doctor. I often do this, and it's one of the main reasons I like the parents to be present at the start, with continuing conformance oversight as the program develops. Unreservedly, if I suspect an issue, I'll tell the parent(s) that I will not train the athlete until they have seen a doctor.

Scoliosis is real, and so is knee valgus. A predictive condition for chronic knee injury, not just for youth athletes.

Scoliosis is real, and so is knee valgus.

A predictive condition for chronic knee injury, not just for youth athletes.

With experience you develop a trained eye for such issues, including poor posture, asymmetry, repetitive strain adaptation, injury compensation and specific areas of physical weakness.

My screening tests are simple and will accentuate any issues you don't immediately pick up with the naked eye. You have to know both what you're looking for and what you're looking AT! It takes time and experience. And, it's prevalent. (See photo)

On principal, progressive training plans are conceptually fairly easy to design based upon a variation of (lets say for this discussion) a safely and professionally executed 1 rep max test across the appropriate foundational strength lifts. 

However for youth athletes I initially do not default to this type of program. I tend to start with measured challenging bodyweight and cardiovascular conditioning and fitness drills, delivered with scrutiny, control, constraint and enthusiasm!

Once cleared to train and a training plan has been designed, discussed and agreed upon, you as the teacher,  have to be confident that the Athlete(s) can execute with (primarily) safety, but also with the correct form, at the right (for them) depth, reach, tempo, load and for the appropriate amount of time with all environmental operating conditions considered. 

I do not (in most cases) have youth athletes back squatting under load. I prefer either body weight squats as stated above, or appropriately loaded goblet squats. This is one physical exercise example of trying to use certain exercises to teach a movement pattern correctly, rather than "how to lift weights". It is my experience that they have to prove their way there. Earn the right! And with observation, you know when they're ready. It is your role at this point to "GET THEM READY"!

It is also my experience that with this type of approach, mild cases of what I have talked about above correct themselves with time and strategic use of certain exercises, cues and accessories.

So, as I move towards the nuts and bolts of what I think is CRUCIAL for youth athletes to learn, the base program should be SAFE, simple and effective at getting them fit, conditioned, confident and READY for slowly becoming strong enough for a "true" strength program down the line. It should also contain SOME relevant simple sport specificity. And fun!

As this transpires and by default the relationship develops and starts to build trust and momentum, you as the coach can then start to add what I have come to believe is the "true value" for this age of athlete and that is to TEACH them about the vital importance of those key areas that are most often neglected by coaches outside of X's and O's. A skill set learnt from sport, but that transcends it!  

And that is the importance of

  • SLEEP

  • academic work ethic (behavior/ grades)

  • respect for teachers/ fellow students/ team mates (punctuality/ manners/ cleaning up, etc)

  • rest, recovery (and the difference)

  • nutrition/ hydration

  • organization (kit bag, equipment, mouth guard, etc)

  • mental skills

  • confidence (dealing with performance anxiety)

  • managing screen time

  • what they're reading, listening to, who they're hanging out with

  • sabotage (self, friend, and/ or family)

  • humility in victory

  • grace in defeat

  • why "best" matters

  • "what if" capability

  • etc

At the end of every youth training I have ever given my closing statement is "be kind, work hard, keep your grades up and respect your teachers".

I was not asking them personally to respect me in this context. You have to earn that. It's not given.

Though most of the team sessions I have delivered at this level have been in the sport of rugby, in my profession as a personal trainer I have trained youth athletes in specific sports such as football, baseball, wrestling, swimming, triathlon, hockey, volleyball, lacrosse and track.

I appreciate that Colleges have dedicated staff and coaches, sophisticated systems and modern facilities, and that the vast majority of athletes are stronger once they graduate high school and so this type of tutelage is mostly aimed at high school and below. 

Over time I have simply come to understand that my role was primarily (once again) to keep the athlete SAFE, and then to help support the parent(s) by positively reinforcing what they were already saying to their children in some cases, and in others helping them to understand some of the critical things they should be emphasizing so as to BEST prepare them for that experience, as well as within the realms of

  • success

  • dissapointment

  • enjoyment

  • injury mitigation

  • developing mental skills

  • recruitment

  • college

  • employability

  • high performance

  • LIFE

  • etc

Delivering the X's and O's is the bare minimum requirement for being CALLED a coach, but if that's all you're doing then you're definitely not performing up to the potential maximum power and influence you have in teaching this age group of athlete how to be the BEST they can be in their chosen sport as their teacher.

Part of the pedagogy of coaching is how (and what) you present to students. It is the development and delivery of an educational process that facilitates learning and you have a huge responsibility to ensure that your example includes skills that can help individuals and/ or their team win in the arena. But also in the classroom, at home and then with recall, ensure they are armed with a set of skills and coping strategies that they can recognize in whatever they choose to do into the future beyond College. 

Fundamentally help to set them up for the heavy lifting to come!